Pilgrims traditionally first visit Yamunotri and Gangotri
and bring with them the holy waters from the sources
of the rivers Yamuna and Ganga and offer abhishekams
to Kedareshwara. The traditional pilgrim route is
Haridwar - Rishikesh - Devaprayag - Tehri - Dharasu
- Yamunotri - Uttar Kashi - Gangotri - Triyugnarayan
- Gowrikund and Kedarnath. Alternatively, the route
to Kedar from Rishikesh is via Devprayag, Srinagar,
Rudraprayag and Ukhimath. Near Kedarnath is the source
of the river Mandakini. Mandakini joins Alakananda
at Rudraprayag.
Kedarnath is situated set
amidst in the stunning mountainscape of the Gharwal
Himalayas at the head of the Mandakini River,of
Uttar Kashi district of the northern state of Uttaranchal.
Kedarnath is amongst the holiest pilgrimages for
the devout Hindu.
Kedarnath is a shrine,
dedicated to Lord Shiva, the protector & the
destroyer, situated 92 kms from Rudraprayag, at
an altitude of 3,581 m above sea level. The shrine
of Kedarnath is one of the 12 jyotirlingas of Lord
Shiva and also is one of the 4 sacred dhams of Uttaranchal.
It is a scenic spot set against a backdrop of the
Kedarnath range of mountains. The temple is more
than 1000 years old.
Architecture
Situated at an elevation of 3,580 m (11,750 ft),
this celebrated Hindu pilgrimage spot in the high
Himalayas is dedicated to Shiva.An imposing sight
standing in the middle of a wide plateau surrounded
by snow covered peaks. The temple faces south, which
is an unique feature, as most temples face east.
This temple is very solidly built. The Kedarnath
Temple is believed to have been built by the Pandavas
and is almost 1000 years old. The present temple
built in 18th century A.D. by Adi Guru Shankaracharya
lies adjacent to the site of an ancient temple built
by Pandavas. The inner walls of the assembly hall
are decorated with fixtures of various deities and
scenes from mythology. Built of extremely large
heavy and evenly cut gray Slavs of stones. It evokes
wonder as to how these heavy Slavs had been handled
in the earlier days.The enternce of the temple has
a Conical lingam- the main idol, a statue of Nandi
- the celestial bull of Shiva, a 'Garbha Griha'
for worship and a mandap for assemblies of pilgrims
and visitors. A conical rock formation inside the
temple is worshipped as lord Shiva in his sadashiva
form. Inside the temple there is an irregular three-faced
linga, representing the hump of Lord Siva when he
took the form of a bull. It is about 9 ft long,
3 feet wide, and 4 feet high. Pilgrims are allowed
to touch the linga, perform worship, abhishika (bath),
and massage the linga with ghee. There are deities
of goddess Parvati and Ganesh in front of the main
altar door. Outside the second door are Lord Krishna,
the five Pandavas, their wife Draupadi, and their
mother, Kunti. In the temple is a Laksmi-Narayana
Deity which was installed by Adi Sankaracarya. Outside
the temple door a large statue of the Nandi bull
stands as guard.
The interiors of the Kedarnath
temple are exquisitely carved with image. It was
at Kedarnath, narrates the epic Mahabharat, that
Yudhishthir, the eldest of the Pandav brothers,
departed to Heaven. Another legend has it that the
Pandavas of the Mahabharat epic underwent severe
penance's here to atone the killings of their kith
and kin in the great battle of Kurukshetra and so
established this shrine. The present temple is credited
to Sri Shankaracharya while the remains of an earlier
structure, believed to belong to the Pandava age,
are seen behind this temple. The temple of Sri Kedarnath
is visited by hundreds of devotes every year.
According to a belief, Shankaracharya,
the great philosopher, died here in about 820. Despite
the antiquity of the site, the Kedareshvara temple
here is of recent date. The sanctuary is contained
within an unadorned curved tower with shallow projections
and a timber roof at the summit. The projecting
mandapa is gabled; its facade displays bands of
curved ornamentation and decorated niches. Along
with Badrinath, it is famous among the Hindus as
one of their four prime pilgrimage centers.
The structure of
the temple is much like other temples in Uttaranchal.
There is a large Nandi facing the main entrance.
Inside the temple is a rectangular space with railings
around it. All along the wall there are niches in
which there are idols of the Pancha Pandavas, Parvati,
Lakshmi & Narada. A small archway and a short
flight of stairs lead to the deity. The method of
worshipping is also unique. One is supposed to try
to grab the large conical stone with both hands
and embrace it. It is cold and damp in the confined
space and during darshan time there is a fervent
rush to embrace this Ashutosh linga. Outside at
the north-east corner is a small temple of Ishaneshwar
Mahadev.
Legend
According to one such legend Goddess Parvati worshipped
Kedareswar to unite with Lord Shiva as Ardhanareshwar.
Another such legend has it that Nar and Narayan,
the two incarnations of Lord Vishnu practised severe
penances at Badrikashram in front of a Shivalingam.
When Lord shiva gave them the divine appearance,
they requested him to make Kedareshwar his permanent
abode. Lord Shiva thus manifessted himself in the
form of Jyotirlingam.
Myths and legends coupled
with the enehanting beauty of the Rudra Himalaya
range gives this place a pristine beauty. It is
believed that Arjuna, one of the Panch Pandavas
worshipped Lord Shiva to attain the divine weapon,
Pasupataastra.
After winning the Kurukshetra war, The pandavas
after having won over the kauravas in the Kurukshetra
war, felt guilty of having killed their own brothers
& sought the blessings of Lord Shiva for redemption.
In order to seek salvation from the sins of war,
they sought the advice of their mentor, Krishna.
Krishna advised them to worship Shiva. Pandavas
searched for Lord Shiva in the Shivalik mountains
in the Tehri - Garhwal region.
Shiva led them to this site
and here, assumed the form of Bull and started grazing
amongst the cattle. The Pandavas devised a ruse,
to seek Shiva, who had hidden himself amidst a flock
of cattle. At dusk, when the cattle were taken back
to their shelters, Bhim – gigantic in stature ,
strongest and courageous of Pandavas stretched his
legs across the mountains so that cattle could pass
through his legs.
As suspected, Shiva, in bull
form refused to do so and instead sank himself into
the earth. Realising quickly that this was the play
of Shiva, Bhim bent downwards and could catch hold
of the hump (back portion of the bull). Shiva, pleased
with the determination of Pandavas, blessed them
and granted them salvation from their sins. The
hump, in conical form, is worshipped as Shiva (in
the form of a Shivalingam).
Kedarnath including these
four shrines is treated as Panch Kedar :
Kedarnath : The hump or the hinder
part of the bull which was held by Bhim is worshipped
as Lord Shiva.
Maddhyamaheshvra : Nabhi or the
middle-part of the bull is worshipped as Lord Shiva.
This is located at 21 kms from Ukhimath – the abode
for Lord Kedarnath during winter.
Tungnath : The Bahu or hand of
the bull is worshipped here as Lord Shiva. It is
located enroute to Badrinath and is 37 kms from
Ukhimath, on a mountain in between Chamouli and
Ukkhimath.
Rudranath: The Mukh or the mouth
of the bull is worshipped as Lord Shiva here. It
is about 19 kms from Mandal Chatti.
Kalpeshwar : The Jata or the hair
of the head of bull is worshipped as Lord Shiva.
This place is located about 8.7 kms from Helang,
on the other side of the river Alaknanda.
Places to
see
Shankaracharya Samadhi
Located behind the Kedarnath Temple is the Samadhi
or the final resting place where the saint gave
up his life.
Gaurikund
(14 kms.)
The trekking base to Kedarnath. A temple dedicated
to Gauri and thermal springs of medicinal value
are noteworthy.
Gandhi Sarovar
Gandhi Sarobar is a lake 1 kms from Kedarnath. The
lake has crystal clear water with ice floating on
its surface. Vasuki Tal is another lake situated
at an altitude of 4,150 m, offering an excellent
view of the Chaukhamba peaks and other peaks nearby.
The Bhairavnath
temple
Situated to the south of the main temple of Kedarnath,
is dedicated to Lord Bhairav, the deity who guards
the main temple in winter when it is closed.
The trekking base to Kedarnath
is at a distance of 15 km and is named Gauri Kund,
where there is temple dedicated to Gauri, the consort
of Lord Shiva. One can also find thermal springs
of medicinal value here. At the confluence of the
Son Ganga and Mandakani rivers is Son Prayag, at
a distance of 20 km from Kedarnath. During the winters,
the statue is carried to Ukhimath, and is reinstated
in Kedarnath in the month of May. The breathtaking
view of the Kedardome peak behind the temple is
a major attraction.
Main Attraction
Held in the month of June, nothing could be a perfect
manifestation of Hindu religion and culture. The
Badri Kedar festival is held in the sacred shrines
of Badrinath and Kedarnath in the month of June.
The festivities go on for a stretch of eight days.
The festival makes an attempt to bring under one
platform, the greatest artists of the country.
Best Season
It is very cold in the winters with the ground being
covered with snow. During the winters, the shrine
is submerged in snow and hence is closed. The temple
opens the first week of May and closes either the
last week of October. May-June is the busiest time
of the year. Worship of Sri Kedarnath is continued
at Okhimath in the winter by the priest from the
Kardarnath Temple.